mGluR5 在脆性 X 综合征发病中的研究进展
摘要
脆性 X 综合征(Fragile X syndrome,FXS)是发病率仅次于唐氏综合征的遗传性智力低下疾病, 也是引起孤独症谱系障碍最主要的单基因遗传病,在智力障碍患者中的发病率为 1%-3%。该病的特征在于脑 中突触可塑性的改变,突触可塑性受到不同突触通路的复杂平衡的严格调节。有研究表明,代谢型谷氨酸受体 (metabotropic glutamate receptor ,mGluR) 是中枢谷氨酸能系统的重要受体之一,其广泛参与调控突触传递、突 触可塑性、神经兴奋性、抑制性平衡等生理过程。在反应性星形胶质细胞中代谢型谷氨酸受体 5(metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 ,mGluR5)的表达在 FXS 发病有着重要作用。本文主要对 mGluR5 在脆性 X 综合征发病 中的作用以及 mGluR5 作为潜在治疗靶点的药物研究现状进行概述,为 FXS 临床治疗提供新思路。参考
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